![]() ![]() No currently available human DNA vaccines.Image: DNA to mRNA to Antigen (protein) within a cell Image: DNA Plasmid with gene for SARS-CoV2 antigen There is no risk of infection but there is a possibility that the immune system does not fight against the antigen (tolerance to the antigen). These vaccines use DNA plasmids containing a gene for SARSCoV-2 along with additional genetic elements that will produce some of the same antigenic proteins as the disease-causing virus. Improved efficacy and safety but require high doses to confer immunity. ![]() These vaccines are similar to replicating viral vector vaccines except that they cannot replicate inside the body as the key viral replication genes is deleted from the low pathogenic vector virus. Image: The virus replicates inside the body Image: Viral vector encoding target antigen Image: Disease-causing virus + Low – pathogenic virus This creates a strong immune response but may not work for people who are already immune to the low pathogenic virus. These vaccines use low-pathogenic viruses, which are largely harmless, and alter them into viral vectors that will produce some of the same proteins as the disease-causing virus. Require booster doses as the immunity conferred by these vaccines is weaker than live vaccines. They are safer as the virus is already dead. These vaccines contain whole virus particles, that have been killed or inactivated to keep Take antigens from the infecting viruses and present them to immune cells.Some attenuated vaccines might not be suitable for people with compromised immune systems. These vaccines contain live virus particles that have been weakened to keep them from causing disease. ![]()
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